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制作途中 |
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調音方法＼調音位置 |
両唇音 |
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歯茎音 |
そり舌音 |
歯茎硬口蓋音 |
軟口蓋音 |
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破裂音 |
無気音 |
b [p] |
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d [t] |
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g [k] |
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(無声) |
有気音 |
p [pʰ] |
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t [tʰ] |
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k [kʰ] |
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破擦音 |
無気音 |
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z [ʦ] |
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zh [ʈʂ] |
j [ʨ] ² |
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(無声) |
有気音 |
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c [ʦʰ] |
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ch [ʈʂʰ] |
q [ʨʰ] ² |
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摩擦音 (無声) |
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f [f] |
s [s] |
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sh [ʂ] |
x [ɕ] ² |
h [x] |
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鼻音 (有声) |
m [m] |
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n [n] |
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側面音 (有声) |
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l [l] |
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接近音 (有声) |
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r [ɻ] ¹ |
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i |
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u |
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ü |
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i |
[i] / [z̩] |
u |
[u] |
ü |
[y] |
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a |
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a |
[ɑ] |
ia |
[iɑ] |
ua |
[uɑ] |
üa |
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i |
ai |
[aɪ] |
iai |
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uai |
[uaɪ] |
üai |
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u |
au |
ao[aʊ] |
iau |
iao[iaʊ] |
uau |
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üau |
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n |
an |
[an] |
ian |
[iɛn] |
uan |
[uan] |
üan |
[yɛn] |
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ng |
ang |
[ɑŋ] |
iang |
[iɑŋ] |
uang |
[uɑŋ] |
üang |
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e |
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e |
[ɤ] |
ie |
[iɛ] |
ue |
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üe |
[yɛ] |
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i |
ei |
[eɪ] |
iei |
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uei |
[ueɪ] |
üei |
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u |
eu |
ou[ɤʊ] |
ieu |
[iɤʊ] |
ueu |
[uɔ] |
üeu |
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ou |
-ou |
you |
-iu |
wo |
-uo / -o |
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n |
en |
[ən] |
ien |
in[in] |
uen |
[uən] |
üen |
ün[yn] |
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en |
-en |
yin |
-in |
wen |
-un |
yun |
-ün |
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ng |
eng |
[ɤŋ] |
ieng |
[iɤŋ] |
ueng |
[uɤŋ]/[ʊŋ] |
üeng |
ion[yʊŋ] |
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eng |
-eng |
ying |
-ing |
weng |
-ong |
yong |
-iong |
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主母音 |
尾音 |
介音 |
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Ø |
/i/ |
/u/ |
/y/ |
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/a/ |
Ø |
[ɑ] |
[iɑ] |
[uɑ] |
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a |
ya |
wa |
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-a |
-ia |
-ua |
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/i/ |
[aɪ] |
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[uaɪ] |
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ai |
wai |
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-ai |
-uai |
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/u/ |
[aʊ] |
[iaʊ] |
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ao |
yao |
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-ao |
-iao |
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/n/ |
[an] |
[iɛn] |
[uan] |
[yɛn] |
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an |
yan |
wan |
yuan |
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-an |
-ian |
-uan |
-üan 1 |
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/ŋ/ |
[ɑŋ] |
[iɑŋ] |
[uɑŋ] |
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ang |
yang |
wang |
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-ang |
-iang |
-uang |
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/ə/ |
Ø |
[ɤ] |
[iɛ] |
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[yɛ] |
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e |
ye |
yue |
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-e |
-ie |
-üe 1 |
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/i/ |
[eɪ] |
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[ueɪ] |
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ei |
wei |
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-ei |
-ui |
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/u/ |
[ɤʊ] |
[iɤʊ] |
[uɔ] |
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ou |
you |
wo |
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-ou |
-iu |
-uo/-o
2 |
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/n/ |
[ən] |
[in] |
[uən] |
[yn] |
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en |
yin |
wen |
yun |
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-en |
-in |
-un |
-ün 1 |
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/ŋ/ |
[ɤŋ] |
[iɤŋ] |
[uɤŋ]/[ʊŋ] |
[yʊŋ] |
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eng |
ying |
weng 3 |
yong |
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-eng |
-ing |
-ong |
-iong |
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Ø |
[z̩] |
[i] |
[u] |
[y] |
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yi |
wu |
yu |
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-i 4 |
-i |
-u |
-ü 1 |
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1. "ü"
は、"j", "q", "x" の後では "u" と表記する。 |
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2. "uo"
は、"b", "p", "m", "f" の後では
"o" と表記する。現在は表記どおり "bo", "po", "mo",
"fo" は [-o]
と発音することが多い。 |
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3. [uɤŋ] は声母の後では [ʊŋ] に変化するが、拼音はこの違いを反映させて綴りを別にしている。 |
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4. "-i" は "zh",
"ch", "sh", "r" や "z", "c",
"s" のそのままの舌の構えで出される音を表す。従ってこれらの声母に伴って使われ、単独で発音されない。なおこの母音は、平唇母音である。 |
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韻母に使われる拼音は以下の通りである。 |
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単韻母 - a, o, e, i, u, ü,
er, (zh) -i, (z) -i |
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複韻母 - ao, ai, ou, ei,
iao, iou, uai, uei, ia, ie, ua, uo, üe |
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鼻韻母 - an, en, ian, in,
uan, uen, üan, ün, ang, ong, eng, iang, iong, ing, uang, ueng |
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多くの拼音漢字変換の入力法において、ü
は v で代用されている。 |
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